A cikin neman dorewa, na'urori masu auna firikwensin suna rage lokutan sake zagayowar, amfani da makamashi da sharar gida, sarrafa sarrafa tsarin rufaffiyar madauki da haɓaka ilimi, buɗe sabon damar don masana'anta da sifofi.
Na'urori masu auna sigina a hagu (sama zuwa kasa): zafi juyi (TFX), in-mold dielectrics (Lambient), ultrasonics (Jami'ar Augsburg), zubar da dielectrics (Synthesites) da kuma tsakanin pennies da thermocouples Microwire (AvPro) .Graphs (saman, agogon agogo): Collo dielectric akai-akai (CP) tare da Collo ionic danko (CIV), juriya na resin tare da lokaci (Synthesites) da samfurin dijital na caprolactam da aka dasa preforms ta amfani da na'urori masu auna sigina na lantarki (CosiMo project, DLR ZLP, Jami'ar Augsburg).
Yayin da masana'antun duniya ke ci gaba da fitowa daga cutar ta COVID-19, ta koma ba da fifiko ga dorewa, wanda ke buƙatar rage sharar gida da amfani da albarkatu (kamar makamashi, ruwa da kayan aiki).Saboda haka, masana'anta dole ne su zama masu inganci da wayo. .Amma wannan yana buƙatar bayanai.Ga masu haɗaka, daga ina wannan bayanan ya fito?
Kamar yadda aka bayyana a cikin jerin labarai na CW's 2020 Composites 4.0, ma'anar ma'aunin da ake buƙata don haɓaka ingancin sashi da samarwa, da na'urori masu auna firikwensin da ake buƙata don cimma waɗannan ma'auni, shine matakin farko a cikin masana'anta mai kaifin baki. A cikin 2020 da 2021, CW ya ruwaito akan na'urori masu auna sigina-dielectric na'urori masu auna firikwensin zafi, firikwensin firikwensin fiber optic, da na'urori masu auna firikwensin da ba a haɗa su ba ta amfani da ultrasonic da raƙuman ruwa na lantarki - da kuma ayyukan da ke nuna ƙarfin su (duba saitin abun ciki na firikwensin kan layi na CW). kayan aiki, fa'idodin da aka yi alkawarinsu da ƙalubalen da aka yi musu alkawari, da yanayin fasahar da ke ƙarƙashin haɓakawa.Musamman ma, kamfanoni waɗanda ke tasowa a matsayin jagorori a cikin masana'antar haɗaɗɗun kayan aikin sun riga sun bincika da kewaya wannan sararin samaniya.
Cibiyar Sensor a CosiMo Cibiyar sadarwa na na'urori masu auna firikwensin 74 - 57 daga cikinsu sune na'urori masu auna firikwensin ultrasonic da aka haɓaka a Jami'ar Augsburg (wanda aka nuna a dama, ɗigon shuɗi mai haske a cikin babba da ƙananan mold) - ana amfani da su don nuna Lid don T-RTM gyare-gyaren aikin CosiMo don batura masu haɗaɗɗun thermoplastic.Kiredit Image: Aikin CosiMo, DLR ZLP Augsburg, Jami'ar Augsburg
Manufar #1: Ajiye kuɗi.CW's Disamba 2021 blog, "Custom Ultrasonic Sensors for Composite Process Optimization and Control," ya bayyana aiki a Jami'ar Augsburg (UNA, Augsburg, Jamus) don haɓaka hanyar sadarwa na firikwensin 74 wanda Ga CosiMo aikin don ƙera mai nunin murfin baturi na EV (kayan haɗin kai a cikin sufuri mai kaifin baki) .An ƙirƙira ɓangaren ta amfani da gyare-gyaren resin resin na thermoplastic (T-RTM), wanda polymerizes caprolactam monomer a wuri a cikin wani polyamide 6 (PA6) composite.Markus Sause, Farfesa a UNA da Shugaban Cibiyar Samar da Fasaha ta Artificial Intelligence (AI) na UNA a Augsburg, ya bayyana dalilin da yasa na'urori masu auna firikwensin ke da mahimmanci: "Babban fa'idar da muke bayarwa shine ganin abubuwan da ke faruwa a cikin akwatin baƙar fata yayin sarrafawa. A halin yanzu, yawancin masana'antun suna da ƙayyadaddun tsarin don cimma wannan. Misali, suna amfani da na'urori masu sauƙi ko takamaiman lokacin amfani da jiko na guduro don yin manyan sassan sararin samaniya. Idan tsarin jiko ba daidai ba ne, kuna da babban guntu. Amma idan kuna da mafita don fahimtar abin da ba daidai ba a cikin tsarin samarwa da kuma dalilin da ya sa, za ku iya gyara shi kuma ku gyara shi, ku adana kuɗi masu yawa."
Thermocouples misali ne na "sauki ko takamaiman firikwensin" wanda aka yi amfani dashi shekaru da yawa don saka idanu da zafin jiki na laminates a lokacin autoclave ko tanda. thermal bonders.Masu sana'ar resin suna amfani da na'urori masu auna firikwensin daban-daban a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje don saka idanu canje-canje a cikin danko na resin a kan lokaci da zafin jiki don samar da magunguna.Abin da ke fitowa, duk da haka, shine cibiyar sadarwa na firikwensin wanda zai iya gani da sarrafa tsarin masana'antu a cikin wuri bisa ga abin da ke fitowa. sigogi da yawa (misali, zazzabi da matsa lamba) da yanayin kayan (misali, danko, tarawa, crystallization).
Alal misali, na'urar firikwensin ultrasonic da aka haɓaka don aikin CosiMo yana amfani da ka'idoji iri ɗaya kamar binciken ultrasonic, wanda ya zama babban jigon gwajin da ba a lalata ba (NDI) na sassan da aka gama. Petros Karapapas, Babban Injiniya a Meggitt (Loughborough, UK), Ya ce: "Manufarmu ita ce rage lokaci da aiki da ake buƙata don binciken bayan samarwa na abubuwan da ke gaba yayin da muke matsawa zuwa masana'antar dijital." Haɗin gwiwar Cibiyar Materials (NCC, Bristol, UK) don nuna kulawa da zobe na Solvay (Alpharetta, GA, Amurka) EP 2400 yayin RTM ta amfani da firikwensin dielectric na linzamin da aka haɓaka a Jami'ar Cranfield (Cranfield, UK) Gudun ruwa da warkar da oxyresin don Tsawon mita 1.3, faɗin 0.8 m da zurfin 0.4 m harsashi mai haɗaɗɗun harsashi don injin injin jirgin sama na kasuwanci. gwaji a kowane bangare, ”in ji Karapapas.” A yanzu haka, muna yin faifan gwaji kusa da wadannan sassan RTM sannan mu yi gwajin injina don tabbatar da sake zagayowar magani. Amma tare da wannan firikwensin, hakan bai zama dole ba.”
The Collo Probe yana nutsewa cikin jirgin ruwan fenti (da'irar kore a saman) don gano lokacin da aka gama hadawa, yana adana lokaci da kuzari. Hoton hoto: ColloidTek Oy
Matti Järveläinen, Shugaba kuma wanda ya kafa ColloidTek Oy (Kolo, Tampere, Finland) ya ce: "Manufarmu ba ita ce zama wata na'urar dakin gwaje-gwaje ba, amma don mai da hankali kan tsarin samarwa," in ji Matti Järveläinen, Shugaba kuma wanda ya kafa ColloidTek Oy (Kolo, Tampere, Finland) .CW Janairu 2022 blog “Liquids Liquids for Composites” ya bincika Collo's hade da na'urori masu auna firikwensin lantarki (EMF), sarrafa sigina da bincike na bayanai don auna "hantsin yatsa" na kowane ruwa kamar monomers, resins ko adhesives . "Abin da muke bayarwa shine sabon fasaha wanda ke ba da amsa kai tsaye a ainihin lokacin, don haka zaka iya. mafi fahimtar yadda tsarin ku yake aiki da kuma amsa lokacin da abubuwa ba su da kyau," in ji Järveläinen. "Na'urori masu auna firikwensin mu suna canza bayanan lokaci na ainihi zuwa adadi na zahiri da za a iya fahimta da aiki, kamar ɗankowar rheological, wanda ke ba da damar haɓaka tsari. Misali, zaku iya rage lokutan hadawa domin zaku iya gani sosai lokacin da aka gama hadawa. Don haka, tare da Kuna iya haɓaka yawan aiki, adana makamashi da rage tarkace idan aka kwatanta da ƙarancin ingantaccen aiki. ”
Manufar #2: Ƙara ilimin tsari da hangen nesa. Don matakai kamar tarawa, Järveläinen ya ce, "Ba ku ganin bayanai da yawa daga hoto kawai. Kuna ɗaukar samfurin kawai kuna shiga cikin lab kuma duba yadda yake kamar mintuna ko awanni da suka gabata. Kamar tuki a kan babbar hanya, kowane sa'a Bude idanunku na minti daya, kuyi kokarin hango inda hanyar ta dosa." Sause ya yarda, lura da cewa cibiyar sadarwar firikwensin da aka haɓaka a CosiMo "yana taimaka mana samun cikakken hoto na tsari da halayen kayan aiki. Za mu iya ganin tasirin gida a cikin tsari, don mayar da martani ga Bambance-bambance a cikin kauri ko kayan haɗin kai irin su kumfa. Abin da muke ƙoƙarin yi shine samar da bayanai game da ainihin abin da ke faruwa a cikin tsari. Wannan yana ba mu damar tantance bayanai daban-daban kamar siffar gaban gaba, zuwan kowane lokaci na ɗan lokaci da kuma matakin haɗuwa a kowane wurin firikwensin. ”
Collo aiki tare da masana'antun na epoxy adhesives, Paints har ma da giya don ƙirƙirar tsari profiles ga kowane tsari samarwa.Yanzu kowane manufacturer iya duba kuzarin kawo cikas da tsari da kuma saita mafi gyara sigogi, tare da faɗakarwa don tsoma baki a lokacin da batches ne daga specification.This taimaka. daidaita da inganta inganci.
Bidiyo na gaba mai gudana a cikin wani ɓangaren CosiMo (shigan allura shine farin digo a tsakiya) a matsayin aiki na lokaci, dangane da bayanan ma'auni daga cibiyar sadarwar firikwensin in-mold. Hoton hoto: CosiMo project, DLR ZLP Augsburg, Jami'ar Augsburg
Meggitt's Karapapas ya ce "Ina so in san abin da ke faruwa yayin kera sashe, kar a buɗe akwatin in ga abin da zai faru bayan haka," in ji Meggitt's Karapapas. don tabbatar da warkar da resin." Yin amfani da duk nau'ikan na'urori masu auna firikwensin guda shida da aka bayyana a ƙasa (ba jerin ƙididdiga ba, ƙaramin zaɓi kawai, masu kaya, ma), na iya saka idanu kan magani / polymerization da kwararar guduro. a lokacin hada gyare-gyare.An nuna wannan a lokacin CosiMo, wanda yayi amfani da ultrasonic, dielectric da piezoresistive in-mode firikwensin don zafin jiki da ma'aunin ma'auni ta Kistler (Winterthur, Switzerland).
Manufar # 3: Rage lokacin sake zagayowar. Na'urori masu auna firikwensin Collo na iya auna daidaiton nau'ikan epoxy mai saurin warkewa guda biyu kamar yadda sassan A da B suna gauraya da allura yayin RTM kuma a kowane wuri a cikin mold inda aka sanya irin waɗannan na'urori. resins masu saurin warkewa don aikace-aikace irin su Urban Air Motsi (UAM), wanda zai samar da saurin warkewa idan aka kwatanta da epoxies guda ɗaya na yanzu kamar RTM6.
Collo na'urori masu auna firikwensin kuma iya saka idanu da hangen nesa na epoxy da ake watsawa, allura da warkewa, kuma lokacin da kowane tsari ya cika.Kammala warkewa da sauran hanyoyin da suka dogara da ainihin yanayin kayan da ake sarrafa su (a daidai da lokacin gargajiya da girke-girke na zafin jiki) ana kiransa kayan sarrafa kayan aiki. (MSM) .Kamfanoni irin su AvPro (Norman, Oklahoma, Amurka) sun kasance suna bin MSM shekaru da yawa don bin sauye-sauye a cikin kayan aiki da matakai yayin da yake bin takamaiman maƙasudin don canjin canjin gilashin (Tg), danko, polymerization da / ko crystallization .Misali, hanyar sadarwa na na'urori masu auna firikwensin da bincike na dijital a cikin CosiMo an yi amfani da su don ƙayyade mafi ƙarancin lokacin da ake buƙata don zafi sama da latsawa da mold na RTM kuma sun gano cewa 96% na matsakaicin polymerization an samu a cikin minti 4.5.
Masu samar da firikwensin Dielectric irin su Lambient Technologies (Cambridge, MA, Amurka), Netzsch (Selb, Jamus) da Synthesites (Uccle, Belgium) sun kuma nuna ikon su na rage lokutan sake zagayowar.Synthesites' R & D aikin tare da masana'antun Hutchinson (Paris, Faransa) ) da kuma Bombardier Belfast (yanzu Ruhu AeroSystems (Belfast, Ireland)) ya ruwaito cewa bisa ga ainihin ma'auni na resin juriya da zafin jiki, ta hanyar Optimold data saye naúrar da Optiview Software ya juya zuwa kimanta danko da Tg. "Masu sana'a na iya ganin Tg. a ainihin lokacin, don haka za su yanke shawarar lokacin da za su dakatar da sake zagayowar waraka,” in ji Nikos Pantelelis, Daraktan Synthesites. Misali, tsarin al'ada na RTM6 shine cikakken magani na awa 2 a 180 ° C. Mun ga cewa ana iya rage wannan zuwa mintuna 70 a wasu geometries. An kuma nuna wannan a cikin aikin INNOTOOL 4.0 (duba "Haɓakar RTM tare da Sensor Heat Flux Sensors"), inda amfani da firikwensin zafin zafi ya rage sake zagayowar maganin RTM6 daga mintuna 120 zuwa mintuna 90.
Manufar # 4: Rufe madauki na matakan daidaitawa.Don aikin CosiMo, makasudin maƙasudin shine don sarrafa sarrafa madauki a lokacin samar da sassan sassa. Wannan kuma shine burin ayyukan ZAero da iComposite 4.0 da CW ya ruwaito a cikin 2020 (30-50% rage farashin) .Ka lura cewa waɗannan sun haɗa da matakai daban-daban - sanyawa ta atomatik na tef ɗin prepreg (ZAero) da fiber fesa preforming idan aka kwatanta da babban matsin lamba T-RTM a CosiMo don RTM tare da epoxy mai saurin warkewa (iComposite 4.0) duka. daga cikin waɗannan ayyukan suna amfani da na'urori masu auna firikwensin tare da ƙira na dijital da algorithms don kwaikwaya tsari da tsinkaya sakamakon ɓangaren da ya ƙare.
Ana iya tunanin sarrafa tsarin a matsayin jerin matakai, Sause ya bayyana. Mataki na farko shine haɗa na'urori masu auna firikwensin da sarrafa kayan aiki, in ji shi, "don ganin abin da ke faruwa a cikin akwatin baƙar fata da kuma sigogi don amfani da su. Sauran ƴan matakai, watakila rabin sarrafa madauki, suna iya tura maɓallin tsayawa don shiga tsakani, Tuna tsarin kuma hana sassan da aka ƙi. A matsayin mataki na ƙarshe, zaku iya haɓaka tagwayen dijital, waɗanda za'a iya sarrafa su ta atomatik, amma kuma suna buƙatar saka hannun jari a hanyoyin koyon injin." A cikin CosiMo, wannan saka hannun jari yana ba da damar na'urori masu auna firikwensin don ciyar da bayanai a cikin tagwayen dijital, bincike na Edge (ƙididdigar da aka yi a ƙarshen layin samarwa tare da ƙididdigewa daga ma'ajin bayanai na tsakiya) sannan ana amfani da su don tsinkayar kwararar ƙarfin gaba, abun ciki na fiber a kowane preform na yadi. da yuwuwar busassun tabo.” Da kyau, zaku iya kafa saituna don ba da damar sarrafa madauki da daidaitawa a cikin tsari,” in ji Sause.” Waɗannan za su haɗa da sigogi kamar matsa lamba na allura, matsa lamba da zafin jiki. Hakanan zaka iya amfani da wannan bayanin don inganta kayan ku."
A yin haka, kamfanoni suna amfani da na'urori masu auna firikwensin don sarrafa matakai.Misali, Synthesites yana aiki tare da abokan cinikinsa don haɗa na'urori masu auna firikwensin tare da kayan aiki don rufe mashigar resin lokacin da jiko ya cika, ko kunna wutar lantarki lokacin da aka sami maganin da aka yi niyya.
Järveläinen ya lura cewa don sanin ko wane firikwensin ya fi dacewa ga kowane yanayin amfani, "yana buƙatar fahimtar menene canje-canje a cikin kayan da tsarin da kuke son saka idanu, sannan dole ne ku sami na'urar nazari." Mai nazari yana samun bayanan da mai tambaya ko sashin sayan bayanai suka tattara. danyen bayanai da canza shi zuwa bayanan da masana'anta za su iya amfani da su. "A zahiri kun ga kamfanoni da yawa suna haɗa na'urori masu auna sigina, amma ba sa yin komai tare da bayanan," in ji Sause. Abin da ake buƙata, in ji shi, shine "tsari. na samun bayanai, da kuma tsarin gine-ginen adana bayanai don samun damar sarrafa bayanan.”
Järveläinen ya ce: "Masu amfani da ƙarshen ba sa son ganin ɗanyen bayanai kawai," in ji Järveläinen. don yin nazari, sannan a yi amfani da koyan na'ura don hanzarta aikin." Wannan bincike na gefen da tsarin koyon injin da ƙungiyar Collo da CosiMo ke amfani da ita za'a iya samun su ta taswirar danko, ƙirar ƙira na gaba mai gudana, da kuma ikon sarrafa sigogin tsari da injin ana gani.
Optimold shine mai nazari wanda Synthesites ya haɓaka don na'urori masu auna firikwensin dielectric. Ana sarrafa ta Synthesites' Optiview software, naúrar Optimold yana amfani da ma'aunin juriya na zafin jiki da resin don ƙididdigewa da nunin jadawali na ainihi don saka idanu kan matsayin resin ciki har da rabon haɗuwa, tsufa sunadarai, danko, Tg da mataki na cure.It za a iya amfani da a prepreg da ruwa kafa tafiyar matakai.A raba naúrar Optiflow da ake amfani da ya kwarara monitoring.Synthesites kuma ya ɓullo da wani curing na'urar kwaikwayo da cewa ba ya bukatar a curing firikwensin a cikin mold ko part, amma a maimakon haka yana amfani da wani. Na'urar firikwensin zafin jiki da resin / prepreg samfurori a cikin wannan rukunin na'urar nazari. "Muna amfani da wannan hanya ta zamani don jiko da kuma maganin mannewa don samar da injin turbin iska," in ji Nikos Pantelelis, Daraktan Synthesites.
Tsarukan sarrafa kayan aikin synthesites sun haɗa na'urori masu auna firikwensin, Optiflow da/ko Optimold raka'o'in sayan bayanai, da OptiView da/ko Matsayin Resin Kan layi (ORS).
Sabili da haka, yawancin masu samar da firikwensin sun haɓaka masu nazarin nasu, wasu suna amfani da na'ura koyo wasu kuma ba haka ba.Amma masana'antun na iya haɓaka tsarin nasu na al'ada ko siyan kayan aikin kashe-kashe kuma su gyara su don saduwa da takamaiman bukatu. Duk da haka, iyawar nazari shine abu daya ne kawai ya kamata a yi la'akari.Akwai wasu da yawa.
Har ila yau, lamba yana da mahimmancin la'akari lokacin zabar abin firikwensin da za a yi amfani da shi.Ma'anar firikwensin na iya buƙatar kasancewa tare da kayan aiki, mai tambaya, ko duka biyu. Misali, zafin zafi da na'urori masu auna firikwensin ultrasonic za a iya saka su a cikin wani nau'in RTM 1-20mm daga saman - ingantaccen saka idanu ba ya buƙatar tuntuɓar kayan da ke cikin mold. Na'urori masu auna firikwensin Ultrasonic kuma na iya yin tambayoyi ga sassa a zurfin daban-daban dangane da mita da aka yi amfani da su.Collo electromagnetic firikwensin kuma iya karanta zurfin ruwa ko sassa - 2-10 cm, dangane da akan yawan tambayoyi - kuma ta hanyar kwantena marasa ƙarfe ko kayan aikin da ke hulɗa da guduro.
Duk da haka, magnetic microwires (duba "Ba tare da tuntuɓar kula da yanayin zafi da matsa lamba a cikin composites") a halin yanzu su ne kawai na'urori masu auna firikwensin da ke da ikon yin tambayoyi a cikin nisa na 10 cm. Wannan shi ne saboda yana amfani da shigar da wutar lantarki don ba da amsa daga firikwensin, wanda ya ba da amsa daga firikwensin. An saka shi a cikin kayan haɗin kai.AvPro's ThermoPulse microwire firikwensin, wanda aka saka a cikin maɗauran haɗin gwiwa, an yi masa tambayoyi ta hanyar 25mm lokacin farin ciki na carbon fiber laminate don auna zafin jiki yayin tsarin haɗin gwiwa.Tun da microwires suna da diamita mai gashi na 3-70 microns, Ba su shafar aikin haɗin gwiwa ko haɗin gwiwa. A ƙananan diamita na 100-200 microns, ana iya shigar da firikwensin fiber optic ba tare da lalata kaddarorin tsarin ba. Duk da haka, saboda suna amfani da haske don aunawa, na'urori masu auna firikwensin fiber dole ne su sami haɗin haɗin waya zuwa ga interrogator.Hakazalika, tun da na'urori masu auna wutar lantarki suna amfani da ƙarfin lantarki don auna kaddarorin resin, suma dole ne a haɗa su da mai tambaya, kuma mafi yawansu dole ne su kasance tare da resin da suke sa ido.
Ana iya nutsar da na'urar firikwensin Collo Probe (saman) a cikin ruwaye, yayin da Collo Plate (ƙasa) aka sanya a bangon jirgin ruwa / hadawa ko aiwatar da bututun abinci.Hoto Credit: ColloidTek Oy
Yanayin zafin jiki na firikwensin shine wani mahimmin la'akari.Misali, yawancin na'urori masu auna firikwensin ultrasonic suna aiki a yanayin zafi har zuwa 150 ° C, amma sassa a cikin CosiMo suna buƙatar ƙirƙirar a yanayin zafi sama da 200 ° C. Saboda haka, UNA Dole ne ya tsara firikwensin ultrasonic tare da wannan damar. Za a iya amfani da na'urori masu auna firikwensin dielectric na Lambient a kan sassan sassa har zuwa 350 ° C, kuma za a iya amfani da na'urorin firikwensin da za a sake amfani da su har zuwa 250 ° C. RVmagnetics (Kosice, Slovakia) ya haɓaka. na'urar firikwensin sa na microwire don kayan haɗin gwiwar da za su iya jure wa warkewa a 500 ° C. Yayin da fasahar firikwensin Collo kanta ba ta da ƙayyadaddun yanayin zafin jiki, garkuwar gilashin mai zafi don Collo Plate da sabon gidaje na polyetheretherketone (PEEK) na Collo Probe duka an gwada su. Don ci gaba da aiki a 150 ° C, bisa ga Järveläinen. A halin yanzu, PhotonFirst (Alkmaar, Netherlands) ya yi amfani da rufin polyimide don samar da zafin aiki na 350 ° C don firikwensin fiber na gani don aikin SuCoHS, don dorewa da farashi- m high-zazzabi hade.
Wani abin da za a yi la'akari da shi, musamman don shigarwa, shine ko na'urar firikwensin yana aunawa a wuri ɗaya ko kuma na'urar firikwensin layi tare da maki masu yawa. Misali, Com&Sens (Eke, Belgium) na'urori masu auna firikwensin fiber na iya kaiwa tsayin mita 100 kuma suna nunawa sama. zuwa 40 fiber Bragg grating (FBG) abubuwan ganowa tare da mafi ƙarancin tazara na 1 cm. An yi amfani da waɗannan na'urori masu auna firikwensin don kula da lafiyar tsarin tsarin (SHM) na gadoji mai tsayi na mita 66 da kuma kula da kwararar guduro yayin jiko na manyan gada.Installing na'urori masu auna firikwensin mutum don irin wannan aikin zai buƙaci babban adadin na'urori masu auna firikwensin da lokaci mai yawa na shigarwa.NCC da Jami'ar Cranfield suna da'awar irin wannan fa'ida don na'urori masu auna siginar dielectric na layi. Tare da firikwensin layin mu, za mu iya sa ido kan kwararar guduro a ci gaba da tsayi, wanda ke rage yawan na'urori masu auna firikwensin da ake buƙata a cikin ɓangaren ko kayan aiki. "
AFP NLR don Fiber Optic Sensors An haɗa na'ura ta musamman a cikin tashar 8th na Coriolis AFP shugaban don sanya jerin firikwensin fiber na gani guda huɗu a cikin babban zafin jiki, fiber carbon fiber yana ƙarfafa kwamitin gwaji. Hoton hoto: SuCoHS Project, NLR
Har ila yau, na'urori masu auna firikwensin layi suna taimakawa wajen sarrafa kayan aiki.A cikin aikin SuCoHS, Royal NLR (Dutch Aerospace Centre, Marknesse) ya ƙera wata ƙungiya ta musamman da aka haɗa a cikin tashar 8th Automated Fiber Placement (AFP) shugaban Coriolis Composites (Queven, Faransa) don shigar da tsararru hudu ( raba fiber optic Lines), kowanne tare da 5 zuwa 6 FBG na'urori masu auna firikwensin (PhotonFirst yana ba da jimlar 23 na'urori masu auna firikwensin), a cikin sassan gwajin fiber na fiber. tsawo ga mafi yawan composites microwires], amma ana sanya su ta atomatik lokacin da aka samar da rebar," in ji Ratislav Varga, wanda ya kafa RVmagnetics. "Kuna da microwire tare da microwire 1km. coils na filament da kuma ciyar da shi a cikin kayan aikin rebar ba tare da canza yadda ake yin rebar ba." A halin yanzu, Com&Sens yana aiki akan fasaha mai sarrafa kansa don haɗa na'urori masu auna firikwensin fiber-optic yayin aikin iska na filament a cikin tasoshin matsin lamba.
Saboda ikonsa na gudanar da wutar lantarki, fiber fiber na iya haifar da matsaloli tare da na'urori masu auna firikwensin dielectric. Na'urori masu auna firikwensin suna amfani da na'urori biyu da aka sanya kusa da juna. A wannan yanayin, yi amfani da tacewa. "Tace tana barin guduro ya wuce na'urori masu auna firikwensin, amma yana hana su daga fiber carbon." Na'urar firikwensin dielectric mai linzamin kwamfuta wanda Jami'ar Cranfield da NCC suka kirkira yana amfani da wata hanya ta daban, gami da murɗaɗɗen nau'ikan wayoyi na tagulla guda biyu. Lokacin da aka yi amfani da wutar lantarki, ana ƙirƙirar filin lantarki tsakanin wayoyi, wanda ake amfani da shi don auna impedance resin. Wayoyin suna rufi. tare da polymer insulating wanda baya shafar filin lantarki, amma yana hana fiber carbon daga gajarta.
Tabbas, farashi kuma batu ne.Com&Sens ya bayyana cewa matsakaicin farashin kowane ma'aunin fahimtar FBG shine Yuro 50-125, wanda zai iya raguwa zuwa kusan Yuro 25-35 idan aka yi amfani da shi a batches (misali, don tasoshin matsa lamba 100,000).(Wannan shine kawai wani yanki na halin yanzu da kuma hasashe na iya samar da tasoshin matsa lamba, duba CW's 2021 labarin akan hydrogen.) Meggitt's Karapas ya ce ya karbi tayin don layin fiber optic tare da firikwensin FBG na matsakaicin £ 250 / firikwensin (≈300 € / firikwensin), Mai tambayar yana da daraja kusan £10,000 (€ 12,000).” Na'urar firikwensin dielectric madaidaiciya da muka gwada ta kasance kamar waya mai rufi da za ku iya siya daga kan shiryayye," in ji Alex Skordos, mai karatu ( babban jami'in bincike) a cikin Kimiyyar Tsara Tsara a Jami'ar Cranfield, "mai nazarin impedance ne, wanda yake daidai kuma yana kashe akalla £ 30,000 [≈ € 36,000], Amma NCC tana amfani da mai tambaya mafi sauƙi wanda ke kunshe da kashe-kashe-shelf. kayayyaki daga kamfanin kasuwanci Shawara Deta [Bedford, UK]." Synthesites yana ambaton € 1,190 don na'urori masu auna firikwensin in-mold da € 20 don amfani guda ɗaya / na'urori masu auna firikwensin A cikin EUR, Optiflow an nakalto a EUR 3,900 da Optimold a EUR 7,200, tare da haɓaka ragi don raka'a masu nazari da yawa.Wadannan farashin sun haɗa da software na Optiview da kowane. Pantelelis ya kara da cewa, masana'antun samar da ruwan iska suna adana sa'o'i 1.5 a kowane zagaye, suna kara ruwan wukake kowane layi a kowane wata, kuma suna rage amfani da makamashi da kashi 20 cikin dari, tare da dawo da jarin na watanni hudu kawai.
Kamfanoni masu amfani da na'urori masu auna firikwensin za su sami fa'ida kamar yadda masana'antun dijital na 4.0 ke haɓaka. Misali, in ji Grégoire Beauduin, Daraktan Ci gaban Kasuwanci a Com&Sens, "Kamar yadda masana'antun jirgin ruwa suke ƙoƙarin rage nauyi, amfani da kayan aiki da farashi, za su iya amfani da na'urori masu auna firikwensin mu don tabbatar da su. ƙirar su da kuma saka idanu akan samarwa yayin da suke isa matakan da ake buƙata ta 2030. Na'urori masu auna firikwensin da aka yi amfani da su don tantance matakan damuwa a cikin yadudduka yayin iska da kuma warkarwa kuma suna iya lura da amincin tanki yayin dubban hawan mai, annabta tabbatarwa da ake buƙata da sake tabbatarwa a ƙarshen ƙira. rayuwa. Za mu iya Ana samar da wurin tagwayen bayanai na dijital don kowane jirgin ruwa mai ƙarfi da aka samar, kuma ana samar da mafita don tauraron dan adam."
Ba da damar tagwaye na dijital da zaren Com&Sens yana aiki tare da masana'anta masu haɗaka don amfani da firikwensin fiber na gani don ba da damar kwararar bayanan dijital ta hanyar ƙira, samarwa da sabis (dama) don tallafawa katunan ID na dijital waɗanda ke tallafawa tagwayen dijital na kowane bangare (hagu) da aka yi. Hoton hoto: Com&Sens da Hoto 1, "Injiniya tare da Zaren Dijital" na V. Singh, K. Wilcox.
Don haka, bayanan firikwensin yana goyan bayan tagwayen dijital, da kuma zaren dijital wanda ke tattare da ƙira, samarwa, ayyukan sabis da tsufa.Lokacin da aka bincika ta amfani da hankali na wucin gadi da koyan na'ura, wannan bayanan yana dawowa cikin ƙira da sarrafawa, haɓaka aiki da dorewa. Har ila yau, ya canza yadda hanyoyin samar da kayayyaki ke aiki tare. Alal misali, masana'anta Kiilto (Tampere, Finland) suna amfani da na'urori masu auna firikwensin Collo don taimaka wa abokan cinikin su sarrafa rabon abubuwan A, B, da sauransu. yanzu za ta iya daidaita nau'ikan mannensa ga kowane kwastomomi, "in ji Järveläinen, amma kuma yana ba Kilto damar fahimtar yadda resins ke hulɗa a cikin tsarin abokan ciniki, da yadda abokan ciniki ke hulɗa da samfuransu, wanda ke canza yadda ake samar da kayayyaki. Sarkuna na iya aiki tare."
OPTO-Haske yana amfani da na'urori masu auna firikwensin Kistler, Netzsch da Synthesites don saka idanu kan warkar da sassan CFRP na epoxy da aka mamaye.
Har ila yau, na'urori masu auna firikwensin suna goyan bayan sababbin kayan aiki da haɗin kai. An bayyana a cikin labarin CW na 2019 akan aikin OPTO-Light (duba "Thermoplastic Overmolding Thermosets, 2-minute Cycle, Battery One"), AZL Aachen (Aachen, Jamus) yana amfani da mataki biyu. tsari to horizontally damfara guda To (UD) carbon fiber / epoxy prepreg, sa'an nan overmolded tare da 30% short gilashin fiber ƙarfafa PA6.The key ne kawai partially warkar da prepreg sabõda haka, sauran reactivity a cikin epoxy iya taimaka bonding zuwa thermoplastic. AZL yana amfani da Optimold da Netzsch DEA288 Epsilon analyzers tare da Synthesites da Netzsch dielectric firikwensin da Kistler in-mold firikwensin da DataFlow software don inganta allura gyare-gyaren. fahimci yanayin warkewa don samun kyakkyawar alaƙa da gyare-gyaren thermoplastic," in ji injiniyan bincike na AZL Richard Schares. "A nan gaba, tsarin zai iya daidaitawa Kuma mai hankali, jujjuyawar tsari yana haifar da sigina na firikwensin."
Koyaya, akwai matsala ta asali, in ji Järveläinen, “kuma wannan shine rashin fahimtar abokan ciniki kan yadda za su haɗa waɗannan na'urori daban-daban a cikin tsarin su. Yawancin kamfanoni ba su da ƙwararrun ƙwararru.” A halin yanzu, hanyar gaba tana buƙatar masana'antun firikwensin da abokan ciniki Musayar bayanai gaba da gaba. Ƙungiyoyi irin su AZL, DLR (Augsburg, Jamus) da NCC suna haɓaka ƙwarewa mai mahimmanci. Sauuse ya ce akwai ƙungiyoyi a cikin UNA, da kuma juyawa. Kamfanonin da ke ba da haɗin gwiwar firikwensin da sabis na tagwayen dijital. Ya kara da cewa cibiyar samar da kayayyaki ta Augsburg AI ta yi hayar wani wuri na murabba'in murabba'in mita 7,000 don wannan dalili, "yana faɗaɗa tsarin ci gaban CosiMo zuwa babban fa'ida, gami da haɗin gwiwar sel na atomatik, inda abokan aikin masana'antu. iya Sanya injuna, gudanar da ayyuka da koyon yadda ake haɗa sabbin hanyoyin AI. "
Carapappas ya ce nunin firikwensin dielectric na Meggitt a NCC shine mataki na farko a cikin hakan. "A ƙarshe, ina so in sa ido kan tsarina da ayyukana da kuma ciyar da su cikin tsarin ERP ɗinmu don na san kafin lokaci waɗanne abubuwan da zan ƙera, waɗanda mutane nake yi. bukata da abin da kayan oda. Dijital Automation yana haɓaka. ”
Barka da zuwa Littafin Sourcebook na kan layi, wanda yayi daidai da bugu na shekara-shekara na CompositesWorld na Jagorar Siyayyar Masana'antu ta SourceBook.
Tsarin AeroSystems na Ruhu yana Aiwatar da Tsarin Smart na Airbus don Fuselage Cibiyar A350 da Front Spars a Kingston, NC
Lokacin aikawa: Mayu-20-2022
